Ultrasound, or sonography, is a non-invasive imaging technique that utilizes high-frequency sound waves to create visual representations of internal body structures. It plays a crucial role in modern medicine, providing valuable diagnostic information in various clinical settings. This introduction will cover the principles of ultrasound, its applications, advantages, and limitations. Ultrasound imaging involves the emission of sound waves by a transducer, which then captures the echoes reflected from tissues. The frequency of these sound waves typically ranges from 1 to 20 megahertz (MHz). When sound waves encounter different tissues, they are reflected back to the transducer at varying intensities and times, allowing the creation of images that depict the size, shape, and structure of organs and tissues.
Ultrasound Applications
Ultrasound is now widely used across multiple specialties, including:
1. Obstetrics and Gynecology: It can monitor fetal development, assess placental health, and evaluate uterine conditions.
